What can we use in media at replacement of beef extract?

In media, alternatives to beef extract can include yeast extract, which provides a rich source of vitamins and amino acids, or soybean meal, which offers protein and nutrients. Other options include hydrolyzed vegetable proteins and peptones derived from plant sources. Additionally, mushroom extract can be used for its umami flavor and nutrient content. These substitutes can effectively support microbial growth while catering to vegetarian or vegan requirements.