What civilization contributed to the field of mathematics by developing a number system based on 60?

The ancient Sumerians, particularly those in Mesopotamia, contributed to the field of mathematics by developing a sexagesimal (base-60) number system. This system allowed for advanced calculations and was foundational in various mathematical concepts, including geometry and time measurement, which still influences how we divide hours into minutes and minutes into seconds today. The use of 60 facilitated complex calculations and the development of various mathematical tables.