How did the institution of slavery affect slaves and free blacks in different sections of US?

Prior to the institution of slavery, there was no such thing as "blacks" free or otherwise. When slaves were first shipped here from Africa, this land was not yet the United States of America. So, there was no effect. The Emancipation Proclamation signed by Abraham Lincoln instituted freedom for slaves and affected different sections of the USA, primarily the South and the North. The South being pro-slavery/anti-emancipation and the North being anti-slavery/pro-emancipation.