How did Stalin engineer mass starvation in Ukraine?

Stalin engineered mass starvation in Ukraine through the implementation of the forced collectivization of agriculture, which aimed to consolidate individual peasant farms into state-run collective farms. This policy led to widespread resistance and the confiscation of grain and food supplies from Ukrainian farmers, exacerbating food shortages. Additionally, the Soviet government imposed harsh grain quotas that were unattainable, resulting in the deliberate starvation of millions of Ukrainians during the Holodomor in the early 1930s. The combination of repressive measures and lack of aid contributed to the catastrophic famine, which claimed millions of lives.