Why were rulers in the 18th century know as enlightened despots?

Rulers in the 18th century were known as enlightened despots because they embraced Enlightenment principles while maintaining absolute power. They sought to implement reforms that promoted education, legal equality, and economic development, believing that such changes would strengthen their states. Figures like Frederick the Great of Prussia and Catherine the Great of Russia exemplified this approach by adopting rational governance and supporting the arts and sciences, all while retaining their authoritarian control. Their reigns reflected a blend of progressive ideas and traditional autocracy.