How does the receptor work in vision?

In vision, photoreceptors in the retina, specifically rods and cones, detect light and convert it into electrical signals. When light hits these cells, photopigments within them undergo a chemical change, initiating a cascade of biochemical reactions. This process ultimately alters the membrane potential of the photoreceptors, leading to the release of neurotransmitters that communicate with bipolar and ganglion cells, transmitting visual information to the brain for interpretation. Rods are sensitive to low light levels, while cones are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light.