How did oil and gs production spread?

Oil and gas production spread globally due to advancements in technology, such as drilling techniques and seismic imaging, which made exploration and extraction more efficient and economically viable. The discovery of significant oil reserves in regions like the Middle East, North America, and later parts of Africa and Asia attracted investment and infrastructure development. Global demand for energy, particularly post-World War II, further accelerated exploration and production efforts. Additionally, geopolitical factors and international partnerships facilitated the transfer of knowledge and resources across borders.