What are plant characteristics of the tundra?

A treeless area between the icecap and the tree line of Arctic regions, having a permanently frozen subsoil and supporting low-growing vegetation such as lichens, mosses, and stunted shrubs.

The characteristics of a tundra are:

- extremely cold climate

- low biotic diversity

- simple vegetation structure

- limitation of drainage

- large population oscillations

- short season of growth and reproduction

- energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material