Is terminated the same as fired?

No. Termination basically just means "you had a job, now you don't." Whether you quit, were laid off, were fired, doesn't matter, they all represent termination of employment.

"Fired" is usually used to mean that the termination of employment wasn't voluntary on your part. There's a strong implication that you did something wrong. HR people will be very careful to say "terminated" rather than "fired" due to this pejorative connotation.