Who did the europeans get to work on plantations and in mines when most of the native population died?

When the native population largely succumbed to diseases brought by Europeans and harsh working conditions, the Europeans turned to African slaves to work on plantations and in mines. This led to the establishment of the transatlantic slave trade, where millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the Americas to labor under brutal conditions. Additionally, some Europeans also employed indentured servants from Europe and other regions as a temporary labor solution.