The nebular theory posits that the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust, known as a solar nebula, approximately 4.6 billion years ago. As the nebula collapsed under its own gravity, it spun faster and flattened into a disk shape, with most material concentrating at the center to form the Sun. The remaining dust and gas in the disk gradually coalesced into solid particles, which eventually formed planets, moons, and other celestial bodies through a process of accretion. This theory explains the current structure and composition of the solar system, including the orbits of planets and their differences in characteristics.
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