What is the thermal energy equation in physics and how is it used to calculate the amount of thermal energy in a system?

The thermal energy equation in physics is Q mcT, where Q represents the amount of thermal energy, m is the mass of the object, c is the specific heat capacity of the material, and T is the change in temperature. This equation is used to calculate the amount of thermal energy in a system by multiplying the mass of the object by the specific heat capacity of the material and the change in temperature.