How does the theory of plate tectonics explain the motion of continents?

The theory of plate tectonics explains the motion of continents through the movement of rigid plates that make up the Earth's lithosphere, which float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath. These tectonic plates can diverge, converge, or slide past one another, causing continents to shift over geological time. This movement is driven by forces such as mantle convection, slab pull, and ridge push. As a result, continents can drift apart, collide, or slide alongside each other, leading to various geological phenomena like earthquakes, mountain building, and volcanic activity.