What are two areas of science in desalination?

Two key areas of science in desalination are materials science and membrane technology. Materials science focuses on developing advanced membranes that can efficiently filter out salt and impurities while allowing water to pass through, enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of desalination processes. Additionally, chemical engineering plays a crucial role in optimizing the energy consumption and overall efficiency of desalination systems, including processes like reverse osmosis and thermal desalination.