Explain collusive oligopoly with example

Collusive oligopoly occurs when a small number of firms in an industry coordinate their actions to increase their collective profits, often by setting prices or output levels. This can take the form of explicit agreements, like cartels, or implicit understandings. A classic example is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), where member countries collaborate to control oil production and prices. Such collusion can lead to higher prices for consumers and reduced competition in the market.