How does multiple sclerosis impact the formation and function of myelin in the nervous system?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that affects the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibers called myelin. This damages the myelin, leading to disruptions in the transmission of nerve signals. As a result, the formation and function of myelin in the nervous system are impaired, causing symptoms such as weakness, numbness, and difficulty with coordination and balance.