How did the religions of Judaism ad Zoroastrianism differ during the rise of early civilizations?

Judaism, emerging in the ancient Near East, emphasized a covenant relationship with a singular, all-powerful God, focusing on ethical monotheism and the importance of law as outlined in the Torah. In contrast, Zoroastrianism, which developed in Persia, centered on dualism, positing a cosmic struggle between the benevolent deity Ahura Mazda and the malevolent spirit Angra Mainyu, along with concepts of judgment and the afterlife. While Judaism's practices were community-oriented and tied to land and people, Zoroastrianism introduced ideas of individual morality and cosmic order. These foundational differences shaped their respective worldviews and societal structures during the rise of early civilizations.