The discovery of antitoxins is primarily attributed to Emil von Behring, a German physiologist, who, in the late 19th century, developed the first antitoxin for diphtheria. His work, along with that of his colleague Shibasaburo Kitasato, laid the foundation for immunology and the use of serum therapy in treating Infectious Diseases. Behring's contributions earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901.
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