How are the two events that took place in 138 BCE and 65 CE related?

Well, isn't that a happy little question! In 138 BCE, the Hasmonean Dynasty gained independence from the Seleucid Empire, leading to the establishment of the Hasmonean Kingdom. Then, in 65 CE, the Roman general Pompey conquered Jerusalem, marking the end of Jewish independence. These events are related through the common thread of shifting powers in the region, showing how history can flow and change like a gentle stream.