When the 15th Amendment was passed following the Civil War which groups benefitted MOST?

The 15th Amendment, ratified in 1870, primarily benefited African American men, as it granted them the legal right to vote, thereby expanding political participation for this group following the Civil War. Additionally, it was intended to protect the voting rights of other marginalized groups, such as some formerly enslaved individuals and certain immigrant populations. However, in practice, discriminatory laws and practices, like literacy tests and poll taxes, often undermined these rights, limiting the amendment's effectiveness for many.