What is meant by binary analysis?

Binary analysis refers to the examination and evaluation of binary code, which is the machine-readable format of software. This process is often used to understand the behavior, functionality, and security of executable files without access to the source code. Techniques such as disassembly, decompilation, and dynamic analysis are employed to identify vulnerabilities, malicious code, or to reverse-engineer software. It plays a crucial role in cybersecurity, software development, and malware analysis.