What is the term for a word that describes nouns and pronouns?

Articles, adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and pronouns can be used to describe a noun or a pronoun.

The articles are:

DEFINITE ARTICLE: the; used to identify a specific noun.

INDEFINITE ARTICLES: a (used before a noun starting with a consonant sound), an (used before a noun starting with a vowel sound); used to identify a singular general noun.

ADJECTIVES: An adjective describes or qualifies a noun (a big dog, a small dog); adjectives are used before the noun or after the verb (This is an easy subject. or This is hard.); two or more adjectives can be used together (a beautiful, young lady). There are hundreds of adjectives, some samples are: happy, sad, green, white, special, somber, chewy, dark, heavy, sweet, lucky, wonderful, etc.

ATTRIBUTIVE NOUNS are nouns used to describe other nouns (nouns used as adjectives), for example horse farm, house plant, vegetable broth, school books, shoe lace, ranch dressing on a house salad, etc.

ADVERBS: An adverb, which is used to modify verbs, also modify adjectives, which is additional information about a noun; for example a very happy birthday, his frequently long speeches, a simply delicious dish, etc.

The modifying pronouns are:

PERSONAL PRONOUNS, my, your, his, her, their, its.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS, this, that, these, those, the former, etc.

DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUNS, each, either, none, neither, etc.

NUMERAL PRONOUNS, some, any, few, many, none, all, etc.

ADDITIONALLY: A predicate nominative or a predicate adjective restates a noun following a linking verb or the object of a verb, telling something about the noun.