What is oxidation and how does it form?

Oxidation is a chemical process where an atom, ion, or molecule loses electrons, resulting in an increase in its oxidation state. This process typically occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen, but it can also happen in other reactions, such as those involving certain metals and acids. Oxidation often accompanies reduction, where another substance gains the electrons that were lost. Together, these processes are fundamental to redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions, which are essential in various biological and chemical systems.