When and how new provinces or territories been created?

New provinces and territories in Canada have been created through various processes, primarily during the 20th century. For instance, Newfoundland became the 10th province in 1949 after a referendum, while the Northwest Territories was divided to create Nunavut in 1999, following a land claim agreement with Indigenous groups. Other territories, like Yukon, were established earlier, with Yukon being separated from the Northwest Territories in 1898. The creation of new provinces or territories typically involves federal legislation and consultations with Indigenous peoples and local governments.