How much do they take out in taxes if you make 10.50 an hour?

It depends on your total earnings during any pay period.

It also depends on the number of exemptions you claimed on your W4 form each year. Your employer should have had you fill out the form when you first became an employee and should be asking you to fill out a W4 form each year of your employment. The more deductions and /or dependents you claim will affect your withholding tax.