Matthew 21:33 - 39.
In this parable God is the landowner, Israel the vineyard (Psalm 80:8; Isaiah 5:1-7; Jeremiah 2:21). The hedge is the Law of Moses which separated Israel from the Gentiles and preserved them as a distinct people for the Lord. The wine-press, signifies the fruit which Israel should have produced for God. The tower suggests God's watchful care for His people. The vine-dressers are the chief priests and scribes.
Repeatedly God sent His servants, the prophets, to the people of Israel seeking from the vineyard the fruits of fellowship, holiness, and love. But the people persecuted the prophets and killed some of them. Finally, God sent His Son, saying, "They will respect My Son" (v. 37). The vine dressers (chief priests and scribes) said "This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and seize his inheritance" (v. 38). In real life they said, "If we let Him alone like this, everyone will believe in Him, and the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation" (John 11:48). And so they rejected Him, threw Him out, and crucified Him.
Parables do not usually give lessons to be learnt, they present spiritual truth illustrated by using everyday things/events. But one thing we can see from this parable people (the church) who have been entrusted with God's work should be faithful in doing God's work.
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